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Investigating the relationship between COVID-19-related and distress and ICD-11 adjustment disorder : two cross-sectional studies

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Ben-Ezra, Menachem, Hou, Wai Kai and Goodwin, Robin (2021) Investigating the relationship between COVID-19-related and distress and ICD-11 adjustment disorder : two cross-sectional studies. BJPsych Open, 7 (1). e21. doi:10.1192/bjo.2020.158 ISSN 2056-4724.

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2020.158

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Abstract

Background
To assess the prevalence of elevated risk of serious mental illness and probable ICD-11 adjustment disorder in the UK population at two time points during COVID-19, and their association with COVID-19-related stressful events.

Aims
To check the dose–response model for stress between the number of COVID-19-related stressful events and mental health indices.

Method
We conducted two cross-sectional studies, using internet survey samples across the UK (N = 1293 for study 1; N = 1073 for study 2). Samples used internet panel surveys during March–April 2020 and 3 months later (June 2020), and used random stratified samples. Studies assessed prevalence of serious risk of mental illness and probable ICD-11 adjustment disorder.

Results
Elevated risk of serious mental illness was found among those with COVID-19-related social life or occupationally stressful events (study 1). Elevated risk of serious mental illness and probable ICD-11 adjustment disorder was evident among those reporting COVID-19-related stressful events (personal health problems and caregiving; study 2). Cumulative COVID-19-related stressful events were associated with elevated risk of serious mental illness in study 1 (odds ratio 1.65; 95% CI 1.03–2.64; P = 0.037), and with both elevated risk of serious mental illness (odds ratio 2.19; 95% CI 1.15–4.15; P = 0.017) and probable ICD-11 adjustment disorder (odds ratio 2.45; 95% CI 1.27–4.72; P = 0.007) in study 2.

Conclusions
Psychiatrists should be aware that COVID-19-related stressful events can lead to serious psychological problems. Mental health professionals need to pay particular attention to patients who report cumulative COVID-19-related stressful events, and consider them for mental health assessment and treatment.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): COVID-19 (Disease) -- Social aspects, Mental health, COVID-19 (Disease) -- Psychological aspects, Stress management, Adjustment disorders
Journal or Publication Title: BJPsych Open
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
ISSN: 2056-4724
Official Date: January 2021
Dates:
DateEvent
January 2021Published
28 December 2020Available
27 November 2020Accepted
Volume: 7
Number: 1
Article Number: e21
DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2020.158
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access (Creative Commons)
Copyright Holders: Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists
Date of first compliant deposit: 5 January 2021
Date of first compliant Open Access: 5 January 2021
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
RA2000000106Ariel Universityhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013043
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