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Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of mold fluxes used in continuous casting of steel : a review
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Sarkar, Rahul and Li, Zushu (2021) Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of mold fluxes used in continuous casting of steel : a review. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 52 . pp. 1357-1378. doi:10.1007/s11663-021-02099-5 ISSN 1073-5615.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-021-02099-5
Abstract
Casting powders or mold fluxes, as they are more commonly known, are used in the continuous casting of steel to prevent the steel shell from sticking to the copper mold. The powders first melt and create a pool of liquid flux above the liquid steel in the mold, and then the liquid mold fluxes penetrate into the gap between water-cooled copper mold and steel shell, where crystallization of solid phases takes place as the temperatures gradually drop. It is important to understand the crystallization behavior of these mold fluxes used in the continuous casting of steel because the crystalline phase fraction in the slag films plays a crucial role in determining the horizontal heat flux during the casting process. In this work, the existing literature on the crystallization kinetics of conventional and fluoride-free mold fluxes used in the continuous casting of steel have been reviewed. The review has been
divided into two main sections viz. the isothermal crystallization kinetics and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics. Under each of these sections, the three of the most widely used techniques for studying the crystallization kinetics have been included viz. thermoanalytical
techniques such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry/ Differential Thermal Analysis (DSC/DTA), the Single and Double Hot Thermocouple Technique (SHTT and DHTT) and the Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM). For each of these techniques, the available literature related to the crystallization kinetics of mold fluxes have been summarized thereby encompassing a wide range of investigations comprising of both conventional and fluoride-free fluxes. Summaries have been included after each section with critical comments and insights by the authors. Finally, the relative merits and demerits of these methods vis-à-vis their application in studying the crystallization kinetics of mold fluxes have been discussed.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Metal castings, Powder metallurgy, Steel -- Metallurgy, Flux (Metallurgy), Continuous casting | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B | ||||||||
Publisher: | Springer New York LLC | ||||||||
ISSN: | 1073-5615 | ||||||||
Official Date: | June 2021 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 52 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 1357-1378 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1007/s11663-021-02099-5 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 1 February 2021 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 24 May 2021 | ||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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