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Utilisation of natural fibrous plaster for out-of-plane lateral resistance of masonry walling
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Qamar, Furqan (2020) Utilisation of natural fibrous plaster for out-of-plane lateral resistance of masonry walling. PhD thesis, University of Warwick.
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Official URL: http://webcat.warwick.ac.uk/record=b3684442
Abstract
Masonry is an ancient form of construction which is used in many countries around the globe, mainly for houses and especially for walls. Worldwide shortage of houses/housing leads to find the new methods/technologies for quick and economical masonry construction. One of these technologies is mortarless masonry walling with interlocking blocks. Masonry walls in general and particularly interlocking walls have least resistance to lateral loads like wind and earthquake. The specific aim of this doctoral research was to develop a technique to enhance the lateral resistance of masonry walling with a focus on interlocking block walls. To achieve this objective use of natural fibres (rice straw and sisal) was considered within cement-based plaster. Wide range of natural fibres exists around the world and the major chemical composition is lignocellulose (cellulose, hemicellulos and lignin) and the quantity of the component varies with the type and has effect on mechanical characteristics.
Characterisation of mechanical properties of interlocking stabilised soil block (ISSB) and fibrous plaster was carried out in small-scale experiment. After indication of improvement in the mechanical properties of cube samples by the addition of natural fibres, 1500 mm high interlocked mortar-free and mortared conventional block columns were built with 8 mm thin and 20 mm thick plaster. Significant improvement of 2.6 times in lateral static stiffness and 3 times in lateral failure load was observed for fibrous as compared with plain-plastered columns. Non-linear finite element models were developed for unplastered, plain-plastered and fibrous plastered interlocked column and validated using the experimental results.
For practical application improvement in the lateral stiffness and strength of 2200 mm high interlocking walls connected with roof truss and timber beam (defined as diaphragm onwards) was also experimentally evaluated. Significant improvement of 142% for total energy absorbed and 55% for toughness index was observed for plain plastered as compared with unplastered wall and further improvement of 144% for total energy absorbed and 47% for toughness index was observed for sisal fibrous plastered walls. Empirical and analytical modelling were developed in light of the experimental work for estimating the resistance of interlocked walling system for poor developing countries. This indicated the benefit of novel method of utilisation of natural fibrous cement-based plaster for lateral capacity of low-cost masonry housing.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) | ||||
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Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TH Building construction |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Masonry, Walls, Walls -- Design and construction, Lateral loads, Cement -- Additives, Plant fibers, Sisal (Fiber) | ||||
Official Date: | April 2020 | ||||
Dates: |
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Institution: | University of Warwick | ||||
Theses Department: | School of Engineering | ||||
Thesis Type: | PhD | ||||
Publication Status: | Unpublished | ||||
Supervisor(s)/Advisor: | Thomas, Terry H. | ||||
Format of File: | |||||
Extent: | xxii, 161 leaves : illustrations | ||||
Language: | eng |
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