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The passage of H2O2 from chloroplasts to their associated nucleus during retrograde signalling : reflections on the role of the nuclear envelope
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Breeze, Emily and Mullineaux, Philip M. (2022) The passage of H2O2 from chloroplasts to their associated nucleus during retrograde signalling : reflections on the role of the nuclear envelope. Plants, 11 (4). 552. doi:10.3390/plants11040552
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040552
Abstract
The response of chloroplasts to adverse environmental cues, principally increases in light intensity, stimulates chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signalling, which leads to the induction of immediate protective responses and longer-term acclimation. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), generated during photosynthesis, is proposed to both initiate and transduce a retrograde signal in response to photoinhibitory light intensities. Signalling specificity achieved by chloroplast-sourced H2O2 for signal transduction may be dependent upon the oft-observed close association of a proportion of these organelles with the nucleus. In this review, we consider more precisely the nature of the close association between a chloroplast appressed to the nucleus and the requirement for H2O2 to cross both the double membranes of the chloroplast and nuclear envelopes. Of particular relevance is that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has close physical contact with chloroplasts and is contiguous with the nuclear envelope. Therefore, the perinuclear space, which transducing H2O2 molecules would have to cross, may have an oxidising environment the same as the ER lumen. Based on studies in animal cells, the ER lumen may be a significant source of H2O2 in plant cells arising from the oxidative folding of proteins. If this is the case, then there is potential for the ER lumen/perinuclear space to be an important location to modify chloroplast-to-nucleus H2O2 signal transduction and thereby introduce modulation of it by additional different environmental cues. These would include for example, heat stress and pathogen infection, which induce the unfolded protein response characterised by an increased H2O2 level in the ER lumen.
Item Type: | Journal Item | ||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QK Botany |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Chloroplasts, Plant cellular signal transduction, Endoplasmic reticulum, Hydrogen peroxide, Cell interaction, Nuclear membranes | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Plants | ||||||||
Publisher: | M D P I AG | ||||||||
ISSN: | 2223-7747 | ||||||||
Official Date: | 19 February 2022 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 11 | ||||||||
Number: | 4 | ||||||||
Number of Pages: | 11 | ||||||||
Article Number: | 552 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.3390/plants11040552 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 14 March 2022 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 15 March 2022 | ||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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