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Tadros, Victor (2023) Refuge and aid. Journal of Political Philosophy, 31 (1). pp. 102-125. doi:10.1111/jopp.12286 ISSN 0963-8016.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/jopp.12286
Abstract
Horrific scenes of needy migrants attempting to enter wealthy countries, often after expensive, arduous, and dangerous journeys, move many to believe that more such migrants should be permitted to enter and reside. But there are also horrific scenes of desperately needy people at a distance from wealthy countries—the distant needy—who are persecuted by their states, internally displaced due to armed conflict, or who suffer from preventable disease, insecurity, malnutrition, homelessness, and poor education. Wealthy countries could use resources under their control to assist these people. Just migration policies are part of a more general scheme of international justice owed to needy migrants and the distant needy.
One question concerns the overall stringency and source of duties of the duties wealthy countries owe to the needy. Many will agree that they do too little. These obligations arise because wealthy countries exploit poorer countries by misusing economic and military power; or they have benefited from the historic unjust exercise of colonial power and economic exploitation; or the norms of distributive justice that apply due to (or independently of) global economic or institutional integration; or simply because of the general duty to assist those in need.
I explore the distinct issue of the comparison between duties owed to needy migrants and the distant needy. International law prioritizes at least some needy migrants over the distant needy. Some needy migrants have refugee status, resulting in legal obligations to protect them. But states owe no general legal obligations to assist the distant needy, even those facing identical threats to needy migrants. Needy migrants also figure more vividly in the popular imagination than the distant needy, leading people to fight more vociferously for improving immigration rights than for increased international aid.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BJ Ethics H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory H Social Sciences > HC Economic History and Conditions H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare J Political Science > JV Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Social Sciences > School of Law | ||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Emigration and immigration -- Government policy., Distributive justice , Economic assistance , Humanitarianism, Refuge (Humanitarian assistance) | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Political Philosophy | ||||||||
Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. | ||||||||
ISSN: | 0963-8016 | ||||||||
Official Date: | March 2023 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 31 | ||||||||
Number: | 1 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 102-125 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1111/jopp.12286 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 5 October 2022 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 29 November 2022 | ||||||||
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