Al-Yazeedi, Talal, Xu, Emily L., Kaur, Jasmin, Shakes, Diane and Pires da Silva, André (2022) Lagging X chromatids specify the orientation of asymmetric organelle partitioning in XX spermatocytes of Auanema rhodensis. Genetics, 222 (4). iyac159. doi:10.1093/genetics/iyac159 ISSN 0016-6731.

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Abstract

The unequal partitioning of molecules and organelles during cell division results in daughter cells with different fates. An extreme example is female meiosis, in which consecutive asymmetric cell divisions give rise to 1 large oocyte and 2 small polar bodies with DNA and minimal cytoplasm. Here, we test the hypothesis that during an asymmetric cell division during spermatogenesis of the nematode Auanema rhodensis, the late segregating X chromatids orient the asymmetric partitioning of cytoplasmic components. In previous studies, the secondary spermatocytes of wild-type XO males were found to divide asymmetrically to generate functional spermatids that inherit components necessary for sperm viability and DNA-containing residual bodies that inherit components to be discarded. Here we extend that analysis to 2 novel contexts. First, the isolation and analysis of a strain of mutant XX pseudomales revealed that such animals have highly variable patterns of X-chromatid segregation. The pattern of late segregating X chromatids nevertheless predicted the orientation of organelle partitioning. Second, while wild-type XX hermaphrodites were known to produce both 1X and 2X sperm, here, we show that spermatocytes within specific spermatogonial clusters exhibit 2 different patterns of X-chromatid segregation that correlate with distinct patterns of organelle partitioning. Together this analysis suggests that A. rhodensis has coopted lagging X chromosomes during anaphase II as a mechanism for determining the orientation of organelle partitioning.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history Q Science > QL Zoology Q Science > QP Physiology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	X chromosome, Cell division, Symmetry (Biology), Meiosis , Caenorhabditis elegans , Nematodes -- Genetics, Spermatogenesis, Mitochondria
Journal or Publication Title:	Genetics
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
ISSN:	0016-6731
Official Date:	December 2022
Dates:	Date Event December 2022 Published 18 October 2022 Available 13 October 2022 Accepted
Volume:	222
Number:	4
Article Number:	iyac159
DOI:	10.1093/genetics/iyac159
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights):	This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Genetics following peer review. The version of record [insert complete citation information here] is available online at: xxxxxxx [insert URL and DOI of the article on the OUP website].
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
Date of first compliant deposit:	17 October 2022
Date of first compliant Open Access:	1 November 2022
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:	Project/Grant ID RIOXX Funder Name Funder ID RPG-2019-329 Leverhulme Trust http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000275 IOS 1122101 [NSF] National Science Foundation (US) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 UNSPECIFIED McLeod Tyler Professorship UNSPECIFIED
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