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Alphaviruses detected in mosquitoes in the North-Eastern regions of South Africa, 2014 to 2018
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Guarido, Milehna M., Fourie, Isabel, Meno, Kgothatso, Mendes, Adriano, Riddin, Megan A., MacIntyre, Caitlin, Manyana, Sontaga, Johnson, Todd, Schrama, Maarten, Gorsich, Erin E., Brooke, Basil D., Almeida, Antonio Paulo G. and Venter, Marietjie (2023) Alphaviruses detected in mosquitoes in the North-Eastern regions of South Africa, 2014 to 2018. Viruses, 15 (2). 414. doi:10.3390/v15020414 ISSN 1999-4915.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/v15020414
Abstract
The prevalence and distribution of African alphaviruses such as chikungunya have increased in recent years. Therefore, a better understanding of the local distribution of alphaviruses in vectors across the African continent is important. Here, entomological surveillance was performed from 2014 to 2018 at selected sites in north-eastern parts of South Africa where alphaviruses have been identified during outbreaks in humans and animals in the past. Mosquitoes were collected using a net, CDC-light, and BG-traps. An alphavirus genus-specific nested RT-PCR was used for screening, and positive pools were confirmed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. We collected 64,603 mosquitoes from 11 genera, of which 39,035 females were tested. Overall, 1462 mosquito pools were tested, of which 21 were positive for alphaviruses. Sindbis (61.9%, N = 13) and Middelburg (28.6%, N = 6) viruses were the most prevalent. Ndumu virus was detected in two pools (9.5%, N = 2). No chikungunya positive pools were identified. Arboviral activity was concentrated in peri-urban, rural, and conservation areas. A range of Culicidae species, including Culex univittatus, Cx. pipiens s.l., Aedes durbanensis, and the Ae. dentatus group, were identified as potential vectors. These findings confirm the active circulation and distribution of alphaviruses in regions where human or animal infections were identified in South Africa.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||||
SWORD Depositor: | Library Publications Router | ||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Viruses | ||||||
Publisher: | MDPI AG | ||||||
ISSN: | 1999-4915 | ||||||
Official Date: | 1 February 2023 | ||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 15 | ||||||
Number: | 2 | ||||||
Article Number: | 414 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.3390/v15020414 | ||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 16 March 2023 | ||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 16 March 2023 | ||||||
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