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Broader functions of TIR domains in Arabidopsis immunity
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Jacob, Pierre, Hige, Junko, Song, Lijiang, Bayless, Adam, Russ, Dor, Bonardi, Vera, El Kasmi, Farid, Wünsch, Lisa, Yang, Yu, Fitzpatrick, Connor R., McKinney, Brock J., Nishimura, Marc T., Grant, Murray R. and Dangl, Jeffery L. (2023) Broader functions of TIR domains in Arabidopsis immunity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120 (11). e2220921120. doi:10.1073/pnas.2220921120 ISSN 1091-6490.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2220921120
Abstract
TIR domains are NAD-degrading enzymes that function during immune signaling in prokaryotes, plants, and animals. In plants, most TIR domains are incorporated into intracellular immune receptors termed TNLs. In Arabidopsis, TIR-derived small molecules bind and activate EDS1 heterodimers, which in turn activate RNLs, a class of cation channel–forming immune receptors. RNL activation drives cytoplasmic Ca 2+ influx, transcriptional reprogramming, pathogen resistance, and host cell death. We screened for mutants that suppress an RNL activation mimic allele and identified a TNL, SADR1. Despite being required for the function of an autoactivated RNL, SADR1 is not required for defense signaling triggered by other tested TNLs. SADR1 is required for defense signaling initiated by some transmembrane pattern recognition receptors and contributes to the unbridled spread of cell death in lesion simulating disease 1 . Together with RNLs, SADR1 regulates defense gene expression at infection site borders, likely in a non-cell autonomous manner. RNL mutants that cannot sustain this pattern of gene expression are unable to prevent disease spread beyond localized infection sites, suggesting that this pattern corresponds to a pathogen containment mechanism. SADR1 potentiates RNL-driven immune signaling not only through the activation of EDS1 but also partially independently of EDS1. We studied EDS1-independent TIR function using nicotinamide, an NADase inhibitor. Nicotinamide decreased defense induction from transmembrane pattern recognition receptors and decreased calcium influx, pathogen growth restriction, and host cell death following intracellular immune receptor activation. We demonstrate that TIR domains can potentiate calcium influx and defense and are thus broadly required for Arabidopsis immunity.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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| Subjects: | S Agriculture > SB Plant culture | |||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) |
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| SWORD Depositor: | Library Publications Router | |||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Plant diseases, Arabidopsis, Cell receptors, Recombinant proteins | |||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | |||||||||
| Publisher: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | |||||||||
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 | |||||||||
| Official Date: | 9 March 2023 | |||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 120 | |||||||||
| Number: | 11 | |||||||||
| Article Number: | e2220921120 | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.2220921120 | |||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 20 July 2023 | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 20 July 2023 | |||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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