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The double burden of overweight/obesity and anaemia in low- and middle-income countries
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Irache, Ana (2022) The double burden of overweight/obesity and anaemia in low- and middle-income countries. PhD thesis, University of Warwick.
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Official URL: http://webcat.warwick.ac.uk/record=b3883151
Abstract
Overweight/obesity is increasing rapidly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), where forms of undernutrition remain high. Women of reproductive age and children living in LMICs are largely affected by anaemia, which is one of the 2025 global nutrition targets; however, its prevalence has remained stagnant over the past decades. As a result, different forms of malnutrition coexist at different levels: the double burden of malnutrition (DBM). Yet, the coexistence of overweight/obesity and anaemia had not being comprehensively investigated to date. Therefore, this thesis aimed to understand the epidemiology of the double burden of overweight/obesity and anaemia among adult women, adolescent girls and children living in LMICs. Data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) were employed for the analyses. Firstly, prevalence estimates were calculated at the population, household, and individual levels. Secondly, stratified analyses of the intra-individual and intrahousehold DBM were performed by household wealth, education level, area of residence, and sex. Lastly, trends were documented for the magnitude and inequalities of the intra-individual DBM among adult women. Overall, the intraindividual DBM was common among adult women and low among children; whereas among adolescent girls the overall pooled prevalence was 1/3 than that of adult women. At the household level, the DBM was high, primarily driven by maternal overweight/obesity and childhood anaemia. Important differences were identified by sociodemographic characteristics for the intra-individual DBM among adult women and adolescent girls, and maternal overweight/obesity and childhood anaemia; with higher prevalence estimates among those in the wealthiest groups, higher education levels and in urban areas. The trend analyses yielded a modest increase in the intraindividual DBM among adult women over the past two decades, which occurred in parallel with an overall rise in overweight/obesity and a decrease in anaemia. Due to the high heterogeneity of results obtained for the different LMICs, recommendations to address the DBM should be context-specific. The findings presented in this thesis can be used by policy makers to inform double-duty actions and accelerate progress towards the 2025 global nutrition targets.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) | ||||
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Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine R Medicine > RC Internal medicine R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Obesity, Obesity in women, Anemia, Teenage girls -- Nutrition, Women -- Nutrition, Malnutrition -- Developing countries | ||||
Official Date: | April 2022 | ||||
Dates: |
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Institution: | University of Warwick | ||||
Theses Department: | Warwick Medical School | ||||
Thesis Type: | PhD | ||||
Publication Status: | Unpublished | ||||
Supervisor(s)/Advisor: | Gill, Paramjit ; Caleyachetty, Rishi | ||||
Sponsors: | National Institute for Health Research (Great Britain) ; University of Warwick. | ||||
Format of File: | |||||
Extent: | xxiii, 405 pages : colour illustrations, colour maps, colour charts | ||||
Language: | eng |
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