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A study of oscillatory cortical behaviours and traveling waves during cytokinesis in the zebrafish embryo
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Clarke, Scott T. (2022) A study of oscillatory cortical behaviours and traveling waves during cytokinesis in the zebrafish embryo. PhD thesis, University of Warwick.
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Official URL: http://webcat.warwick.ac.uk/record=b3883273
Abstract
Four distinct cell-spanning waves of actin polymerisation and depolymerisation, as well as microtubule polymerisation and depolymerisation were found to occur during every cell cycle in zebrafish embryos during the cleavage stage, which corresponds to the 2-64 cell stage. Cell-spanning waves were imaged using fluorescent markers for actin and microtubules with a spinning disc microscope. A novel segmentation algorithm called 3-D ISO was developed for the purpose of segmenting the cell cortex and the cytoplasm from 3-D image stacks over time. Segmentation of the cell cortex and the cytoplasm enabled visualisation over each region, and quantitative analysis of the cell-spanning waves through the entire cell. Both actin and microtubule polymerisation waves were shown to initiate at the centrosomes upon entry into anaphase and expand outwards to the cell cortex. The polymerisation waves are characterised by redistribution of actin and microtubules markers from the cytoplasm to the cell cortex. Polymerisation waves for actin and microtubule were shown to be spatiotemporally correlated through the cytoplasm and cell cortex. Microtubule depolymerisation waves also initiate in the cytoplasm after anaphase and expand outwards to the cell cortex. They are not spatiotemporally correlated with actin depolymerisation waves through the cytoplasm but are correlated with them over the cell cortex. Thus, actin depolymerisation waves were shown to occur through the following cell cycle. The depolymerisation waves are characterised by redistribution of actin and microtubules markers from the cell cortex to the cytoplasm. Most importantly, the cytokinetic apparatus was shown to assemble in the wake of the polymerisation waves as they pass over the cell cortex. Cytokinesis is the final step in cell division during which a cell is separated into two daughter cells through ingression of a cytokinetic apparatus through the cell. Ingression of the cytokinetic apparatus was shown to occur as polymerisation and depolymerisation waves passed over the cell cortex, however, majority of ingression appeared to occur as the depolymerisation wave passed over the cell cortex.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) | ||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics Q Science > QL Zoology Q Science > QP Physiology |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Cytokinesis, Zebra danio -- Embryology, Cell division, Zygotes, Microtubules, Actin | ||||
Official Date: | September 2022 | ||||
Dates: |
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Institution: | University of Warwick | ||||
Theses Department: | Molecular Organisation and Assembly in Cells | ||||
Thesis Type: | PhD | ||||
Publication Status: | Unpublished | ||||
Supervisor(s)/Advisor: | Balasubramanian, Mohan Krishna, 1966- ; Sampath, Karuna, 1967- ; Mishima, Masanori | ||||
Sponsors: | University of Warwick. Molecular Organisation and Assembly in Cells | ||||
Format of File: | |||||
Extent: | 192 pages : illustrations (some colour) | ||||
Language: | eng |
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