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Exploring the storage mechanism of alkali ions in non-graphitic hard carbon anodes
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Jang, Haeseong, Hasa, Ivana, Kim, Hyunchul, Hwa, Yoon, Byeon, Young-Woon, Kostecki, Robert and Kim, Haegyeom (2023) Exploring the storage mechanism of alkali ions in non-graphitic hard carbon anodes. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 170 (9). 090538. doi:10.1149/1945-7111/acf88b ISSN 0013-4651.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/acf88b
Abstract
This study aims to develop high-capacity hard carbon anode materials for alkali-ion batteries by controlling the microstructures of non-graphitic hard carbon through an annealing protocol and investigating the effects on the alkali-ion storage mechanisms using physical, chemical, and electrochemical analytical techniques. The hard carbon materials were synthesized at temperatures ranging from 900 to 1600°C. Those synthesized at 1100°C with high surface area and abundant defects exhibited the highest reversible capacity in Li- and K-ion systems, with the storage dominated by surface-adsorption mechanisms. In contrast, the hard carbon compounds prepared at 1400°C with numerous curve-featured pores delivered the highest reversible capacity in the Na-ion system, indicating that these pores are the preferred Na-ion storage sites, particularly in low-voltage plateau regions. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between microstructures and alkali-ion storage mechanisms in non-graphitic hard carbon and highlights the importance of tailoring the microstructures of hard carbon to achieve high specific capacity for the desired alkali-ion species.
Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | |||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Storage batteries, Anodes, Carbon, Sodium ion batteries, Lithium ion batteries, Potassium, Alkali metal ions | |||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of The Electrochemical Society | |||||||||
Publisher: | Electrochemical Society, Inc. | |||||||||
ISSN: | 0013-4651 | |||||||||
Official Date: | 25 September 2023 | |||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 170 | |||||||||
Number: | 9 | |||||||||
Article Number: | 090538 | |||||||||
DOI: | 10.1149/1945-7111/acf88b | |||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 20 September 2023 | |||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 20 September 2023 | |||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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