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Predictors of resistant hypertension in an unselected sample of an adult male population in Italy
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Barbato, Antonio, Galletti, Ferruccio, Iacone, Roberto, Cappuccio, Francesco, Rossi, Giovanni, Ippolito, Renato, Venezia, A., Farinaro, Eduardo and Strazzullo, Pasquale (2011) Predictors of resistant hypertension in an unselected sample of an adult male population in Italy. Internal and Emergency Medicine, Volume 7 (Number 4). pp. 343-351. doi:10.1007/s11739-011-0554-2 ISSN 1828-0447.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11739-011-0554-2
Abstract
Prevalence, incidence and predictors of resistant hypertension (RH), (defined as blood pressure persistently above goal in spite of the concurrent use of three antihypertensive agents of different classes) in the general population remain largely unknown. A complete database including anthropometric and biochemical data was collected in 1994–1995 (baseline examination) in 1,019 participants (mean age 51.8, range: 25–79 years) and again in 2002–2004 in 794 male participants of the Olivetti Heart Study (OHS) in southern Italy. The incidence of RH over the average follow-up time of 7.9 years was 4.8% (38/794) in the whole study population and 10.1% (31/307) among hypertensive participants. Basal blood pressure (systolic, diastolic or pulse pressure), cholesterol and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) significantly predicted the risk of developing RH using a logistic regression model that also included age as covariates. If in the same model we added basal pharmacological treatment, the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) also became a statistically significant predictor, and this last model explained nearly 25% of the risk of developing RH. In this unselected sample of an adult male population, ACR (an early marker of organ damage), an elevated FENa (a proxy for dietary sodium intake), cholesterol and a higher basal blood pressure level were independent predictors of RH.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) | ||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine > Metabolic and Vascular Health (- until July 2016) Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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Journal or Publication Title: | Internal and Emergency Medicine | ||||
Publisher: | Springer Italia Srl | ||||
ISSN: | 1828-0447 | ||||
Official Date: | 2011 | ||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Volume 7 | ||||
Number: | Number 4 | ||||
Page Range: | pp. 343-351 | ||||
DOI: | 10.1007/s11739-011-0554-2 | ||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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