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A comparison of prematurity and small for gestational age as risk factors for age 6–13year emotional problems
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Hall, James and Wolke, Dieter (2012) A comparison of prematurity and small for gestational age as risk factors for age 6–13year emotional problems. Early Human Development, Vol.88 (No.10). pp. 797-804. doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.05.005 ISSN 0378-3782.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.05.005
Abstract
Background
Although both very preterm (VP) and small for gestational age (SGA) births are suggested to increase the likelihood of childhood emotional problems, there has been a lack of research comparing these effects.
Aims
To investigate levels of emotional problems between 6–13years of age and contrast the impact of being born either very premature (irrespective of birth weight) or small for gestational age.
Study design
Prospective longitudinal cohort study.
Subjects
654 Bavarian children (born 1985–1986) who were followed from birth to age 12/13years.
Outcome measures
Emotional problems at ages 6.3 and 8.5years were measured via the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL). Emotional problems were measured at age 12/13years via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Trajectories of emotional problems were derived between 6.3 and 13years.
Results
Two distinctive patterns of age 6–13year emotional problems were found: 1) a low and stable level of problems in 76% of children; 2) a high and stable level of problems in 24% of children. The high and stable pattern of emotional problems was significantly associated with a VP but not an SGA birth. Consistent additional determinants included male child gender and lower family socioeconomic status.
Conclusions
The disparity between VP and SGA births as a predictor of age 6–13year old emotional problems is considered in terms of fetal and/or glucocorticoid programming. The stability of emotional problems between 6 and 13years reinforces the need for early childhood interventions aimed at children born very preterm.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | ||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Early Human Development | ||||
Publisher: | Elsevier Inc. | ||||
ISSN: | 0378-3782 | ||||
Official Date: | 2012 | ||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Vol.88 | ||||
Number: | No.10 | ||||
Page Range: | pp. 797-804 | ||||
DOI: | 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.05.005 | ||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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