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Single stage electrochemical exfoliation method for the production of few-layer graphene via intercalation of tetraalkylammonium cations
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Cooper, Adam J., Wilson, Neil R., Kinloch, Ian A. and Dryfe, Robert A. W. (2014) Single stage electrochemical exfoliation method for the production of few-layer graphene via intercalation of tetraalkylammonium cations. Carbon, Volume 66 . pp. 340-350. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2013.09.009 ISSN 0008-6223.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.09.009
Abstract
We present a non-oxidative production route to few layer graphene via the electrochemical intercalation of tetraalkylammonium cations into pristine graphite. Two forms of graphite have been studied as the source material with each yielding a slightly different result. Highly orientated pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) offers greater advantages in terms of the exfoliate size but the source electrode set up introduces difficulties to the procedure and requires the use of sonication. Using a graphite rod electrode, few layer graphene flakes (2 nm thickness) are formed directly although the flake diameters from this source are typically small (ca. 100–200 nm). Significantly, for a solvent based route, the graphite rod does not require ultrasonication or any secondary physical processing of the resulting dispersion. Flakes have been characterized using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QD Chemistry |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics | ||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Graphene, Electrochemical analysis | ||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Carbon | ||||
Publisher: | Pergamon | ||||
ISSN: | 0008-6223 | ||||
Official Date: | January 2014 | ||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Volume 66 | ||||
Page Range: | pp. 340-350 | ||||
DOI: | 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.09.009 | ||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 26 December 2015 | ||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 26 December 2015 | ||||
Funder: | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) | ||||
Grant number: | EP/I005145/1, EP/K016954/1 (EPSRC) |
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