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Extensive microbial and functional diversity within the chicken cecal microbiome
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Sergeant, Martin J., Constantinidou, Chrystala, Cogan, Tristan A., Bedford, Michael R., Penn, Charles W. and Pallen, Mark J. (2014) Extensive microbial and functional diversity within the chicken cecal microbiome. PLoS ONE , Volume 9 (Number 3). Article number e91941. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091941 ISSN 1932-6203.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091941
Abstract
Chickens are major source of food and protein worldwide. Feed conversion and the health of chickens relies on the largely unexplored complex microbial community that inhabits the chicken gut, including the ceca. We have carried out deep microbial community profiling of the microbiota in twenty cecal samples via 16S rRNA gene sequences and an in-depth metagenomics analysis of a single cecal microbiota. We recovered 699 phylotypes, over half of which appear to represent previously unknown species. We obtained 648,251 environmental gene tags (EGTs), the majority of which represent new species. These were binned into over two-dozen draft genomes, which included Campylobacter jejuni and Helicobacter pullorum. We found numerous polysaccharide- and oligosaccharide-degrading enzymes encoding within the metagenome, some of which appeared to be part of polysaccharide utilization systems with genetic evidence for the co-ordination of polysaccharide degradation with sugar transport and utilization. The cecal metagenome encodes several fermentation pathways leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids, including some with novel features. We found a dozen uptake hydrogenases encoded in the metagenome and speculate that these provide major hydrogen sinks within this microbial community and might explain the high abundance of several genera within this microbiome, including Campylobacter, Helicobacter and Megamonas.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QL Zoology Q Science > QR Microbiology |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Microbiology & Infection Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Cecum -- Microbiology, Chickens -- Microbiology | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | PLoS ONE | ||||||||
Publisher: | Public Library of Science | ||||||||
ISSN: | 1932-6203 | ||||||||
Official Date: | 21 March 2014 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Volume 9 | ||||||||
Number: | Number 3 | ||||||||
Article Number: | Article number e91941 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0091941 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 26 December 2015 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 26 December 2015 | ||||||||
Funder: | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Great Britain) (BBSRC) |
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