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Editorial. DNA replication
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Dalgaard, Jacob Z. (2014) Editorial. DNA replication. Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, Volume 30 . p. 96. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.029 ISSN 1084-9521.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.029
Abstract
The process of DNA replication is an astonishing extremely efficient and accurate process whereby, the human genome, which is about 3.234 billion bases in length, is copied in an S-phase of only a few hours. It is thought that only a few mistakes or mutations are made in each S-phase. So how is this amazing feat accomplished? The work from many different model systems is unraveling the underlying processes and the factors involved. This special issue on DNA replication covers nine subjects within the field of DNA replication.
One of the first events that is prerequisite for the synthesis of DNA is ensuring that the building blocks for the DNA replication process, deoxyribonucleotides, are present. This is achieved by converting the ribonucleotides into deoxyribonucleotides by an enzyme called ribonucleotide reductase. Importantly, the process of deoxyribonucleotide synthesis is tightly controlled as excess levels of deoxyribonucleotides can lead to genetic instability. The first chapter in this issue by Guarino, Salguero and Kearsey describes how ribonucleotide reductase is regulated to ensure the balanced supply of dioxyribonucleotides for optimal DNA synthesis.
Eukaryotic DNA replication occurs bi-directionally, initiated at sites in the genome called origins of replication. Initiation of replication is a complex process, where a hexameric complex called ORC (origin recognition complex) binds directly to the DNA. During the late M and G1-phases, the pre-RC (pre-Replication Complex) is formed at ORC; this happens through the recruitment first of factor Cdc6 and then factor Cdt1, that then together load the hexameric replicative helicase consisting of the MCM2-7. The second chapter in the issue by Riera, Tognetti and Speck describes how this recruitment and loading of the replicative helicase takes place.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Cell & Developmental Biology Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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Journal or Publication Title: | Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology | ||||||
Publisher: | Elsevier Ltd | ||||||
ISSN: | 1084-9521 | ||||||
Official Date: | June 2014 | ||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Volume 30 | ||||||
Page Range: | p. 96 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.029 | ||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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