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Associations between late and moderately preterm birth and smoking, alcohol, drug use and diet : a population-based case–cohort study
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Smith, Lucy K., Draper, Elizabeth S., Evans, T. Alun, Field, David J. (David John), Johnson, Samantha J., Manktelow, Bradley N. , Seaton, Sarah E., Marlow, Neil, Petrou, Stavros and Boyle, Elaine M. (2015) Associations between late and moderately preterm birth and smoking, alcohol, drug use and diet : a population-based case–cohort study. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 100 (6). F486-F491. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2014-307265 ISSN 0003-9888.
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Official URL: http://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-307265
Abstract
Objective This study explores the associations between lifestyle factors and late and moderate preterm birth (LMPT: 32+0–36+6 weeks' gestation), a relatively under-researched group.
Study design A population-based case–cohort study was undertaken involving 922 LMPT and 965 term (37+ weeks' gestation) singleton live and stillbirths born between 1 September 2009 and 31 December 2010 to women residing in Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire, UK. Poisson multivariable regression models were fitted to estimate relative risks (RR) of LMPT birth associated with maternal smoking, alcohol and recreational drug use, and diet.
Results Women who smoked during pregnancy were at 38% increased risk of LMPT birth compared with non-smokers (RR 1.38, 95% CI (1.04 to 1.84)). Low consumption of fruit and vegetables was associated with a 31% increased risk compared with those who reported eating higher consumption levels (RR 1.31 (1.03 to 1.66)). Women who did not have any aspects of a Mediterranean diet were nearly twice as likely to deliver LMPT compared with those whose diet included more Mediterranean characteristics (RR 1.81 (1.04 to 3.14)). Women who smoked and consumed low levels of fruit and vegetables (5% of women) were at particularly high risk (RR=1.81 (1.29 to 2.55)). There was no significant effect of alcohol or recreational drug use on LMPT birth.
Conclusions Smoking and poor diet during pregnancy, factors that strongly impact on very preterm birth, are also important at later gestations and experienced together are associated with an elevated rate of risk. Our findings suggest early cessation of smoking during pregnancy may be an effective strategy to reduce LMPT births.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Clinical Trials Unit Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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Journal or Publication Title: | Archives of Disease in Childhood | ||||||||
Publisher: | BMJ | ||||||||
ISSN: | 0003-9888 | ||||||||
Official Date: | November 2015 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 100 | ||||||||
Number: | 6 | ||||||||
Page Range: | F486-F491 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1136/archdischild-2014-307265 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) |
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