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Residence time distributions for turbulent, critical and laminar pipe flow
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Hart, J. R., Guymer, I., Sonnenwald, F. and Stovin, V. R. (2016) Residence time distributions for turbulent, critical and laminar pipe flow. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 142 (9). 04016024 . doi:10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001146 ISSN 0733-9429.
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WRAP_0380825-es-290116-hyeng-9553-hart_et_al_aam_13_jan_2016.pdf - Accepted Version Embargoed item. Restricted access to Repository staff only - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (926Kb) |
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001146
Abstract
Longitudinal dispersion processes are often described by the Advection Dispersion Equation (ADE), which is analogous to Fick’s law of diffusion, where the impulse response function of the spatial concentration distribution is assumed to be Gaussian. This paper assesses the validity of the assumption of a Gaussian impulse response function, using Residence Time Distributions (RTDs) obtained from new laboratory data. Measured up- and down-stream temporal concentration profiles have been deconvolved to numerically infer RTDs for a range of turbulent, critical and laminar pipe flows. It is shown that the Gaussian impulse response function provides a good estimate of the system’s mixing characteristics for turbulent and critical flows, and an empirical equation to estimate the dispersion coefficient for Reynolds Number, Re, between 3,000 and 20,000 is presented. For laminar flow, here identified as Re < 3000, the RTDs do not conform to the Gaussian assumption due to insufficient time being available for the solute to become cross-sectionally well mixed. For this situation, which occurs commonly in water distribution networks, a theoretical RTD for laminar flow that assumes no radial mixing is shown to provide a good approximation of the system’s mixing characteristics at short times after injection.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Hydraulic Engineering | ||||||||
Publisher: | American Society of Civil Engineers | ||||||||
ISSN: | 0733-9429 | ||||||||
Official Date: | September 2016 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 142 | ||||||||
Number: | 9 | ||||||||
Article Number: | 04016024 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001146 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 3 February 2016 |
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