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Effect of using the same vs different order for second readings of screening mammograms on rates of breast cancer detection : a randomized clinical trial
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Taylor-Phillips, Sian, Wallis, Matthew G., Jenkinson, David J., Adekanmbi, Victor, Parsons, Helen, Dunn, Janet A., Stallard, Nigel, Szczepura, Ala, Gates, Simon, Kearins, Olive, Duncan, Alison, Hudson, Sue and Clarke, Aileen (2016) Effect of using the same vs different order for second readings of screening mammograms on rates of breast cancer detection : a randomized clinical trial. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 315 (18). pp. 1956-1965. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5257 ISSN 0098-7484.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.5257
Abstract
Importance Interpreting screening mammograms is a difficult repetitive task that can result in missed cancers and false-positive recalls. In the United Kingdom, 2 film readers independently evaluate each mammogram to search for signs of cancer and examine digital mammograms in batches. However, a vigilance decrement (reduced detection rate with time on task) has been observed in similar settings.
Objective To determine the effect of changing the order for the second film reader of batches of screening mammograms on rates of breast cancer detection.
Design, Setting, and Participants A multicenter, double-blind, cluster randomized clinical trial conducted at 46 specialized breast screening centers from the National Health Service Breast Screening Program in England for 1 year (all between December 20, 2012, and November 3, 2014). Three hundred sixty readers participated (mean, 7.8 readers per center)—186 radiologists, 143 radiography advanced practitioners, and 31 breast clinicians, all fully qualified to report mammograms in the NHS breast screening program.
Interventions The 2 readers examined each batch of digital mammograms in the same order in the control group and in the opposite order to one another in the intervention group.
Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was cancer detection rate; secondary outcomes were rates of recall and disagreements between readers.
Results Among 1 194 147 women (mean age, 59.3; SD, 7.49) who had screening mammograms (596 642 in the intervention group; 597 505 in the control group), the images were interpreted in 37 688 batches (median batch size, 35; interquartile range [IQR]; 16-46), with each reader interpreting a median of 176 batches (IQR, 96-278). After completion of all subsequent diagnostic tests, a total of 10 484 cases (0.88%) of breast cancer were detected. There was no significant difference in cancer detection rate with 5272 cancers (0.88%) detected in the intervention group vs 5212 cancers (0.87%) detected in the control group (difference, 0.01% points; 95% CI, −0.02% to 0.04% points; recall rate, 24 681 [4.14%] vs 24 894 [4.17%]; difference, −0.03% points; 95% CI, −0.10% to 0.04% points; or rate of reader disagreements, 20 471 [3.43%] vs 20 793 [3.48%]; difference, −0.05% points; 95% CI, −0.11% to 0.02% points).
Conclusions and Relevance Interpretation of batches of mammograms by qualified screening mammography readers using a different order vs the same order for the second reading resulted in no significant difference in rates of detection of breast cancer.
Trial Registration isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN46603370
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer) T Technology > T Technology (General) |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School | ||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Breast -- Cancer -- Diagnosis , Breast -- Radiography -- Technology | ||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association | ||||||
| Publisher: | American Medical Association | ||||||
| ISSN: | 0098-7484 | ||||||
| Official Date: | 10 May 2016 | ||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 315 | ||||||
| Number: | 18 | ||||||
| Number of Pages: | 28 | ||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 1956-1965 | ||||||
| DOI: | 10.1001/jama.2016.5257 | ||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 10 May 2016 | ||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 10 November 2016 | ||||||
| Funder: | National Institute for Health Research (Great Britain) (NIHR) | ||||||
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