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Development of the pain-related beliefs and attitudes about sleep (PBAS) scale for the assessment and treatment of insomnia comorbid with chronic pain
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Afolalu, Esther F., Moore, Corran, Ramlee, Fatanah, Goodchild, Claire E. and Tang, Nicole K. Y. (2016) Development of the pain-related beliefs and attitudes about sleep (PBAS) scale for the assessment and treatment of insomnia comorbid with chronic pain. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 12 (9). pp. 1269-1277. doi:10.5664/jcsm.6130 ISSN 1550-9389.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.6130
Abstract
Study Objectives
Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep is a cognitive-behavioral factor central to the development and perpetuation of insomnia. Previous works to unravel the complex interrelationship between pain and insomnia have not explored the role of inflexible beliefs about the sleep-pain interaction, possibly due to a lack of a valid instrument for doing so. The current study evaluated the psychometric and functional properties of a 10-item Pain-Related Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (PBAS) scale.
Methods
The PBAS scale was administered to four clinical samples of chronic pain patients with comorbid insomnia: to examine the scale’s psychometric properties (n=137), test-retest reliability (n=26), sensitivity to treatment (n=20), and generalizability (n=62). All participants completed the PBAS together with validated measures of pain interference, insomnia severity, and cognitive-behavioral processes hypothesized to underpin insomnia.
Results
The PBAS scale was found to be reliable, with adequate internal consistency and temporal stability. Factor analysis suggested a 2-factor solution representing beliefs about “pain as the primary cause of insomnia” and the “inevitable consequences of insomnia on pain and coping”. The PBAS total score was positively correlated with scores from the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scale, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS) scale, and the Anxiety and Preoccupation about Sleep Questionnaire (APSQ). It was a significant predictor of insomnia severity and pain interference. A significant reduction in PBAS was also observed in patients after receiving a hybrid cognitive-behavioral intervention for both pain and insomnia.
Conclusions
Pain-related sleep beliefs appear to be an integral part of chronic pain patients’ insomnia experience. The PBAS is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating the role of these beliefs in chronic pain patients.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | ||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine | ||||||||
| Publisher: | American Academy of Sleep Medicine | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 1550-9389 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | 2016 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 12 | ||||||||
| Number: | 9 | ||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 1269-1277 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.5664/jcsm.6130 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 20 June 2016 | ||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 31 August 2018 |
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