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A mega-analysis of memory reports from eight peer-reviewed false memory implantation studies

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Scoboria, A., Wade, Kimberley A. , Lindsay, D. S. , Azad, T., Strange, D., Ost, J. and Hyman, I. E. (2016) A mega-analysis of memory reports from eight peer-reviewed false memory implantation studies. Memory, 25 (2). pp. 146-163. doi:10.1080/09658211.2016.1260747 ISSN 0965-8211.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1260747

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Abstract

Understanding that suggestive practices can promote false beliefs and false memories forchildhood events is important in many settings (e.g., psychotherapeutic, medical, legal). The generalizability of findings from memory implantation studies has been questioned due to variability in estimates across studies. Such variability is partly due to false memories having been operationalized differently across studies and to differences in memory induction techniques. We explored ways of defining false memory based on memory science and developed a reliable coding system that we applied to reports from eight published implantation studies (N=423). Independent raters coded transcripts using seven criteria: accepting the suggestion, elaboration beyond the suggestion, imagery, coherence, emotion, memory statements, and not rejecting the suggestion. Using this scheme, 30.4% of cases were classified as false memories and another 23% were classified as having accepted the event to some degree. When the suggestion included self-relevant information, an imagination procedure, and was not
accompanied by a photo depicting the event, the memory formation rate was 46.1%. Our research demonstrates a useful procedure for systematically combining data that are not amenable to meta-analysis, and provides the most valid estimate of false memory formation and
associated moderating factors within the implantation literature to date.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Memory , Mental suggestion
Journal or Publication Title: Memory
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd.
ISSN: 0965-8211
Official Date: 28 November 2016
Dates:
DateEvent
28 November 2016Published
10 November 2016Accepted
Volume: 25
Number: 2
Page Range: pp. 146-163
DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2016.1260747
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Date of first compliant deposit: 11 November 2016
Date of first compliant Open Access: 28 November 2017
Funder: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
Grant number: RGPIN/327570−2012

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