Mullins, J., Leonard, S., Markevich, V. P., Hawkins, I. D., Santos, P., Coutinho, J., Marinopoulos, A., Murphy, John D., Halsall, M. P. and Peaker, A. R. (2017) Recombination via transition metals in solar silicon : the significance of hydrogen-metal reactions and lattice sites of metal atoms. Physica Status Solidi A, 214 (7). 1700304. doi:10.1002/pssa.201700304 ISSN 1862-6300.

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Abstract

The move towards lower cost sources of solar silicon has intensified efforts to investigate the possibilities of passivating or reducing the recombination activity caused by deep states associated with transition metals. This is particularly important for the case of the slow diffusing metals early in the periodic sequence which are not removed by conventional gettering. In this paper we examine reactions between hydrogen and transition metals and discuss the possibility of such reactions during cell processing. We analyse the case of hydrogenation of iron in p-type Si and show that FeH can form under non-equilibrium conditions. We consider the electrical activity of the slow diffusing metals Ti, V and Mo, how this is affected in the presence of hydrogen, and the stability of TM-H complexes formed. Finally we discuss recent experiments which indicate that resiting of some transition metals from the interstitial to substitutional site is possible in the presence of excess vacancies, leading to a reduction in recombination activity.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Alternative Title:
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Silicones, Transition metals
Journal or Publication Title:	Physica Status Solidi A
Publisher:	Wiley-VCH Verlag GMBH
ISSN:	1862-6300
Official Date:	6 July 2017
Dates:	Date Event 6 July 2017 Published 14 June 2017 Available 12 June 2017 Available 16 May 2017 Accepted
Volume:	214
Number:	7
Article Number:	1700304
DOI:	10.1002/pssa.201700304
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit:	13 June 2017
Date of first compliant Open Access:	13 June 2017
Funder:	Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Horizon 2020 (European Commission) (H2020)
Grant number:	EP/M024911/1 (EPSRC), PTDC/CTM-ENE/1973/2012, UID/CTM/50025/2013 (FCT)

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