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Detection of infectious disease outbreaks from laboratory data with reporting delays
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Noufaily, Angela, Farrington, Paddy, Garthwaite, Paul, Enki, Doyo Gragn, Andrews, Nick and Charlett, Andre (2016) Detection of infectious disease outbreaks from laboratory data with reporting delays. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 111 (514). pp. 488-499. doi:10.1080/01621459.2015.1119047 ISSN 0162-1459.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2015.1119047
Abstract
Many statistical surveillance systems for the timely detection of outbreaks of infectious disease operate on laboratory data. Such data typically incur reporting delays between the time at which a specimen is collected for diagnostic purposes, and the time at which the results of the laboratory analysis become available. Statistical surveillance systems currently in use usually make some ad hoc adjustment for such delays, or use counts by time of report. We propose a new statistical approach that takes account of the delays explicitly, by monitoring the number of specimens identified in the current and past m time units, where m is a tuning parameter. Values expected in the absence of an outbreak are estimated from counts observed in recent years (typically 5 years). We study the method in the context of an outbreak detection system used in the United Kingdom and several other European countries. We propose a suitable test statistic for the null hypothesis that no outbreak is currently occurring. We derive its null variance, incorporating uncertainty about the estimated delay distribution. Simulations and applications to some test datasets suggest the method works well, and can improve performance over ad hoc methods in current use. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Statistics and Epidemiology Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of the American Statistical Association | ||||||||
Publisher: | American Statistical Association | ||||||||
ISSN: | 0162-1459 | ||||||||
Official Date: | 2016 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 111 | ||||||||
Number: | 514 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 488-499 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1080/01621459.2015.1119047 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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