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Positive LGI1 antibodies in CSF and relapse relate to worse outcome in anti-LGI1 encephalitis

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Cui, L. L., Boltze, Johannes and Zhang, Y. (2021) Positive LGI1 antibodies in CSF and relapse relate to worse outcome in anti-LGI1 encephalitis. Frontiers in Immunology, 12 . 772096. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.772096

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.772096

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Abstract

Objective This single-center study was conducted in a cohort of patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis to investigate the factors related to their functional recovery.
Methods We retrospectively collected the clinical information of patients admitted to Xuanwu Hospital from January 2014 until December 2019, and followed up for at least 12 months.
Results A total of 67 patients were included, and 57 completed the 12-month follow-up. Most of the patients (55/57, 96.5%) achieved functional improvement after immunotherapy, and 26 (45.6%) became symptom-free. Compared to patients with complete recovery, patients with partial or no recovery had significantly higher incidences of consciousness disorders (25.8% vs. 0%, P<0.05) and positive LGI1 antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (71.0% vs. 46.2%, P<0.05). These patients also had a lower Barthel Index both upon admission and at discharge, as well as a higher incidence of relapse (25.8% vs. 3.8%; P<0.05 each). Univariate logistic regression showed that positive LGI1 antibodies in CSF and relapse were associated with incomplete recovery at 1-year follow-up (both P<0.05), but only relapse remained statistically significant after multivariate logistic regression (P=0.034).
Conclusion Patients with LGI1 antibodies in CSF and those who relapsed were more likely to experience worse outcome. Early recognition of these patients, combined with more aggressive immunotherapy may result in better recovery.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QP Physiology
Q Science > QR Microbiology
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Encephalitis, Cerebrospinal fluid, Immunoglobulins
Journal or Publication Title: Frontiers in Immunology
Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
ISSN: 1664-3224
Official Date: 13 December 2021
Dates:
DateEvent
13 December 2021Published
29 November 2021Available
29 November 2021Accepted
Volume: 12
Article Number: 772096
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.772096
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
2020YFC2005403National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaUNSPECIFIED
PX2020035Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitalshttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009601

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