Differential-concentration scanning ion conductance microscopy

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Abstract

Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) is a nanopipette-based scanning probe microscopy technique that utilizes the ionic current flowing between an electrode inserted inside a nanopipette probe containing electrolyte solution and a second electrode placed in a bulk electrolyte bath, to provide information on a substrate of interest. For most applications to date, the composition and concentration of the electrolyte inside and outside the nanopipette is identical, but it is shown herein that it can be very beneficial to lift this restriction. In particular, an ionic concentration gradient at the end of the nanopipette, generates an ionic current with a greatly reduced electric field strength, with particular benefits for live cell imaging. This differential concentration mode of SICM (ΔC-SICM) also enhances surface charge measurements and provides a new way to carry out reaction mapping measurements at surfaces using the tip for simultaneous delivery and sensing of the reaction rate. Comprehensive finite element method (FEM) modeling has been undertaken to enhance understanding of SICM as an electrochemical cell and to enable the interpretation and optimization of experiments. It is shown that electroosmotic flow (EOF) has much more influence on the nanopipette response in the ΔC-SICM configuration compared to standard SICM modes. The general model presented advances previous treatments, and it provides a framework for quantitative SICM studies.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Research Centres > Molecular Organisation and Assembly in Cells (MOAC)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Electrochemical apparatus, Electrochemical analysis
Journal or Publication Title: Analytical Chemistry
Publisher: American Chemical Society
ISSN: 0003-2700
Official Date: 10 October 2017
Dates:
Date
Event
10 October 2017
Available
10 October 2017
Accepted
Volume: 89
Number: 22
Page Range: pp. 12458-12465
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03543
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Date of first compliant deposit: 22 November 2017
Date of first compliant Open Access: 10 October 2018
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant ID
RIOXX Funder Name
Funder ID
UNSPECIFIED
Leverhulme Trust
EP/F500378/1
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
Wolfson Research Merit Award
Royal Society
UNSPECIFIED
Warwick-China Scholarship Council
UNSPECIFIED
URI: https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/95221/

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