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Thermal capillary wave growth and surface roughening of nanoscale liquid films
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Zhang, Y., Sprittles, James E. and Lockerby, Duncan A. (2021) Thermal capillary wave growth and surface roughening of nanoscale liquid films. Journal Fluid Mechanics, 915 . A135. doi:10.1017/jfm.2021.164
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.164
Abstract
The well-known thermal capillary wave theory, which describes the capillary spectrum of the free surface of a liquid film, does not reveal the transient dynamics of surface waves, e.g. the process through which a smooth surface becomes rough. Here, a Langevin model is proposed that can capture this dynamics, goes beyond the long-wave paradigm which can be inaccurate at the nanoscale, and is validated using molecular dynamics simulations for nanoscale films on both planar and cylindrical substrates. We show that a scaling relation exists for surface roughening of a planar film and the scaling exponents belong to a specific universality class. The capillary spectra of planar films are found to advance towards a static spectrum, with the roughness of the surface W increasing as a power law of time W∼t1/8 before saturation. However, the spectra of an annular film (with outer radius h0) are unbounded for dimensionless wavenumber qh0<1 due to the Rayleigh–Plateau instability.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics | |||||||||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Engineering Faculty of Science > Mathematics |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Thin films, Surface roughness, Wave-motion, Theory of | |||||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal Fluid Mechanics | |||||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Cambridge University Press | |||||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 0022-1120 | |||||||||||||||
| Official Date: | 25 May 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Date of first compliant deposit: | 17 February 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Volume: | 915 | |||||||||||||||
| Article Number: | A135 | |||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1017/jfm.2021.164 | |||||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||||||||
| Publisher Statement: | This article has been published in a revised form in Journal Fluid Mechanics [http://doi.org/XXX]. This version is published under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND. No commercial re-distribution or re-use allowed. Derivative works cannot be distributed. © Cambridge University Press 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | |||||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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