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Integrated probe system for measuring soil carbon dioxide concentrations

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Hassan, Sammy S., Mushinski, Ryan M., Amede, Tilahun, Bending, Gary D. and Covington, James A. (2023) Integrated probe system for measuring soil carbon dioxide concentrations. Sensors, 23 (5). 2580. doi:10.3390/s23052580 ISSN 1424-8220.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23052580

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Abstract

This article outlines the design and implementation of an internet-of-things (IoT) platform for the monitoring of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations. As atmospheric CO2 continues to rise, accurate accounting of major carbon sources, such as soil, is essential to inform land management and government policy. Thus, a batch of IoT-connected CO2 sensor probes were developed for soil measurement. These sensors were designed to capture spatial distribution of CO2 concentrations across a site and communicate to a central gateway using LoRa. CO2 concentration and other environmental parameters, including temperature, humidity and volatile organic compound concentration, were logged locally and communicated to the user through a mobile (GSM) connection to a hosted website. Following three field deployments in summer and autumn, we observed clear depth and diurnal variation of soil CO2 concentration within woodland systems. We determined that the unit had the capacity to log data continuously for a maximum of 14 days. These low-cost systems have great potential for better accounting of soil CO2 sources over temporal and spatial gradients and possibly flux estimations. Future testing will focus on divergent landscapes and soil conditions.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QH Natural history
S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Soils -- Measurement, Soils -- Carbon content , Wireless sensor networks , Environmental monitoring , Internet of things
Journal or Publication Title: Sensors
Publisher: MDPI AG
ISSN: 1424-8220
Official Date: 26 February 2023
Dates:
DateEvent
26 February 2023Published
15 February 2023Accepted
Volume: 23
Number: 5
Article Number: 2580
DOI: 10.3390/s23052580
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit: 28 February 2023
Date of first compliant Open Access: 1 March 2023
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
UNSPECIFIEDResearch Englandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013589
NE/S010270/1[NERC] Natural Environment Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000270
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